dowel

ADR-0015: Resolve version dependencies through pkg-config, record them in dowel.lock

Status: Accepted

Context

dowel.toml accepts three dependency forms: path, git, and version. The first two were implemented; version = "..." was refused with a diagnostic. The C/C++ world has no single canonical registry (docs/00-overview.md), and ADR-0001 already decided that dowel owns the toolchain but delegates dependency supply. Building a native registry client (index protocol, tarball fetching, checksums, a version-constraint solver) would contradict that delegation and carry a large maintenance surface for little gain: on every practical target the system already has a working resolver for installed C/C++ libraries — pkg-config.

Unlike path (the content is local) and git (the rev pins the content), a system package is whatever the environment happens to have. That makes the resolution non-reproducible by nature, which calls for a record of what was resolved so a changed environment is noticed rather than silently used.

Decision

version = "..." dependencies are resolved by delegating to the system pkg-config:

• The dependency name is the pkg-config module name. Existence is checked with --modversion; the declared version is a minimum, checked with --atleast-version=<v>. dowel implements no version comparison of its own
• --cflags and --libs become the public flags and link_flags of a synthetic external lib node, so consumers inherit them through the usual public-property propagation — the same shape as any other dependency
• Failure (module absent, version too low, pkg-config unavailable) is the error unsatisfied-dependency, with the remedy stated: install the package, lower the constraint, or declare the dependency as path/git

Each resolution is reconciled against dowel.lock at the workspace root:

• No entry for the package: the resolved name/version/source is appended
• Entry matches: nothing happens
• Entry differs: the warning lockfile-drift is emitted and the lock is never rewritten silently. Accepting the new resolution means deleting the entry (or the file)

Editor sessions (load_for_editor) start no external processes: version dependencies are left unresolved in the LSP, and unsatisfied-dependency / lockfile-drift never originate from the language server.

Consequences

• The lock records drift; it does not promise restoration. A system package cannot be fetched, so dowel.lock guarantees only “you will notice”, not “you will get the same bits”. This is weaker than Cargo’s lockfile and is stated as such in the file’s header comment
• Version constraints are lower bounds only. Ranges, exact pins, and exclusions are delegated to pkg-config’s own capabilities and are not expressible in dowel.toml
• Platforms without pkg-config cannot use version dependencies; path and git remain available there
• A native registry or tarball-based supply, if ever wanted, is a separate future decision; nothing here precludes it, and source = "pkg-config" in the lock leaves room for other sources

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